Income Tax Appeals | First Appellate Authority
Section 249 of the Income-tax Act, 1961: Form of Appeal, Fees and Limitation
Section 249 prescribes how an income-tax first appeal is filed, the applicable appeal fee, the usual 30-day deadline, the power to condone delay and the tax-payment conditions for admitting an appeal.
What does Section 249 cover?
The section governs the form and verification of an appeal, fees, limitation, condonation of delay and conditions for admission. It must be read with section 246A (appealable orders) and section 250 (appeal procedure).
Section 249(1): prescribed form and appeal fees
An appeal under the relevant chapter must be filed in the prescribed form and verified in the prescribed manner. For appeals to the Commissioner (Appeals), the prescribed form is generally Form 35, filed through the income-tax e-Filing portal in accordance with applicable rules and procedures.
| Total income assessed by Assessing Officer | Appeal fee under Section 249(1) |
|---|---|
| Up to Rs. 1,00,000 | Rs. 250 |
| More than Rs. 1,00,000 and up to Rs. 2,00,000 | Rs. 500 |
| More than Rs. 2,00,000 | Rs. 1,000 |
| Subject matter not covered by the above categories | Rs. 250 |
These are the amounts specified in the supplied Section 249 text. The correct fee depends on the appeal category and the law applicable to the proceeding; verify any subsequent changes before payment.
Section 249(2): the 30-day appeal deadline
The ordinary limitation period is 30 days, counted from the relevant statutory starting point:
- Section 248 appeals: the date of payment of tax.
- Assessment or penalty appeals: the date of service of the relevant notice of demand.
- Other cases: the date on which intimation of the order sought to be appealed against is served.
Special statutory exclusions can apply, including specified periods connected with applications under section 270AA. The actual starting date, service records, applicable exclusions and holidays must be checked in each case.
Section 249(3): condonation of delay
The Commissioner (Appeals) may admit an appeal after the deadline if satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not presenting it in time. A late appeal should ordinarily include a clear application explaining the delay, relevant dates and supporting evidence. Condonation is discretionary and should not be assumed.
Section 249(4): payment conditions for admission
Section 249(4) distinguishes two situations:
- Return filed: the tax due on the income returned must have been paid when the appeal is filed.
- No return filed: an amount equal to the advance tax payable must have been paid, subject to the statutory power to grant exemption on an application showing good and sufficient reasons, recorded in writing.
The exemption proviso relates to the no-return case under clause (b); it should not be described as a general waiver of the requirement in clause (a). Payment of tax on returned income is distinct from paying the entire disputed demand.
Practical checklist for filing Form 35
- Identify the appealable order and correct appellate authority under the applicable law.
- Record the order date, service date and relevant limitation trigger.
- Prepare concise grounds of appeal and a statement of facts.
- Check tax-payment conditions and determine the prescribed appeal fee.
- Prepare the order, demand notice, challans and other required attachments.
- File and verify the prescribed appeal form through the official Income Tax e-Filing portal; retain the acknowledgement.
- If delayed, provide a reasoned condonation request and supporting documents.
Key terms explained
Limitation period
The legally prescribed period within which an appeal must ordinarily be presented.
Condonation of delay
Admission of a late appeal where the competent appellate authority finds sufficient cause for delay.
Notice of demand
A statutory notice communicating the amount demanded, relevant in many assessment and penalty cases for calculating appeal time.
Commissioner (Appeals)
The statutory first appellate authority for specified income-tax orders. Certain cases may be allocated to the Joint Commissioner (Appeals) under the applicable provisions.
Historical provisions and amendment notes
The uploaded article includes historical transition clauses, including section 249(2A) for specified orders under section 201, and amendment notes. These are preserved below as historical reference, not presented as generally operative deadlines today.
Read the original Section 249 text and historical amendment notes
Official legal resources
- Income Tax Department: legislation and official guidance
- Income Tax e-Filing portal: appeal filing and services
- India Code: central legislation and amendments
Frequently asked questions
Is the deadline always 30 days from the date printed on the order?
No. Section 249(2) identifies different statutory starting points, often tied to service of the demand notice or communication of the order.
Can I appeal without paying the entire disputed demand?
Section 249(4) generally concerns tax on returned income or the specified advance-tax amount where no return was filed, not an automatic requirement to pay the entire disputed assessment demand.
Can a late appeal still be heard?
Yes, if the competent authority accepts that sufficient cause justified the delay under the applicable law.
Educational information only. Check the current statute, rules, notifications and case-specific facts before filing.
