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Income Tax Appeals | First Appellate Authority

Section 249 of the Income-tax Act, 1961: Form of Appeal, Fees and Limitation

Section 249 prescribes how an income-tax first appeal is filed, the applicable appeal fee, the usual 30-day deadline, the power to condone delay and the tax-payment conditions for admitting an appeal.

Current-law context (October 2026): The Income-tax Act, 2025 took effect on 1 April 2026. Section 249 of the 1961 Act remains important for proceedings governed by that Act and relevant transition or saving provisions. For a new proceeding, identify the applicable enactment, assessment period, order and appellate forum before relying on an old section number or form.

What does Section 249 cover?

The section governs the form and verification of an appeal, fees, limitation, condonation of delay and conditions for admission. It must be read with section 246A (appealable orders) and section 250 (appeal procedure).

Section 249(1): prescribed form and appeal fees

An appeal under the relevant chapter must be filed in the prescribed form and verified in the prescribed manner. For appeals to the Commissioner (Appeals), the prescribed form is generally Form 35, filed through the income-tax e-Filing portal in accordance with applicable rules and procedures.

Total income assessed by Assessing OfficerAppeal fee under Section 249(1)
Up to Rs. 1,00,000Rs. 250
More than Rs. 1,00,000 and up to Rs. 2,00,000Rs. 500
More than Rs. 2,00,000Rs. 1,000
Subject matter not covered by the above categoriesRs. 250

These are the amounts specified in the supplied Section 249 text. The correct fee depends on the appeal category and the law applicable to the proceeding; verify any subsequent changes before payment.

Section 249(2): the 30-day appeal deadline

The ordinary limitation period is 30 days, counted from the relevant statutory starting point:

Special statutory exclusions can apply, including specified periods connected with applications under section 270AA. The actual starting date, service records, applicable exclusions and holidays must be checked in each case.

Section 249(3): condonation of delay

The Commissioner (Appeals) may admit an appeal after the deadline if satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not presenting it in time. A late appeal should ordinarily include a clear application explaining the delay, relevant dates and supporting evidence. Condonation is discretionary and should not be assumed.

Section 249(4): payment conditions for admission

Section 249(4) distinguishes two situations:

  1. Return filed: the tax due on the income returned must have been paid when the appeal is filed.
  2. No return filed: an amount equal to the advance tax payable must have been paid, subject to the statutory power to grant exemption on an application showing good and sufficient reasons, recorded in writing.

The exemption proviso relates to the no-return case under clause (b); it should not be described as a general waiver of the requirement in clause (a). Payment of tax on returned income is distinct from paying the entire disputed demand.

Practical checklist for filing Form 35

  1. Identify the appealable order and correct appellate authority under the applicable law.
  2. Record the order date, service date and relevant limitation trigger.
  3. Prepare concise grounds of appeal and a statement of facts.
  4. Check tax-payment conditions and determine the prescribed appeal fee.
  5. Prepare the order, demand notice, challans and other required attachments.
  6. File and verify the prescribed appeal form through the official Income Tax e-Filing portal; retain the acknowledgement.
  7. If delayed, provide a reasoned condonation request and supporting documents.

Key terms explained

Limitation period

The legally prescribed period within which an appeal must ordinarily be presented.

Condonation of delay

Admission of a late appeal where the competent appellate authority finds sufficient cause for delay.

Notice of demand

A statutory notice communicating the amount demanded, relevant in many assessment and penalty cases for calculating appeal time.

Commissioner (Appeals)

The statutory first appellate authority for specified income-tax orders. Certain cases may be allocated to the Joint Commissioner (Appeals) under the applicable provisions.

Historical provisions and amendment notes

The uploaded article includes historical transition clauses, including section 249(2A) for specified orders under section 201, and amendment notes. These are preserved below as historical reference, not presented as generally operative deadlines today.

Read the original Section 249 text and historical amendment notes
249 Income Tax Act -  Form of appeal and limitation Section 249 of Income Tax Act 1961 -  Form of appeal and limitation (1) Every appeal under this Chapter shall be in the prescribed form and shall be verified in the prescribed manner 1 and shall, in case of an appeal made to the Commissioner (Appeals) on or after the 1st day of October, 1998, irrespective of the date of initiation of the assessment proceedings relating thereto be accompanied by a fee of,- (i) where the total income of the assessee as computed by the Assessing Officer in the case to which the appeal relates is one hundred thousand rupees or less, two hundred fifty rupees; (ii) where the total income of the assessee, computed as aforesaid, in the case to which the appeal relates is more than one hundred thousand rupees but not more than two hundred thousand rupees, five hundred rupees; (iii) where the total income of the assessee, computed as aforesaid, in the case to which the appeal relates is more than two hundred thousand rupees, one thousand rupees; 2 (iv) where the subject matter of an appeal is not covered under clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), two hundred fifty rupees. (2) The appeal shall be presented within thirty days of the following date, that is to say,- 3 (a) where the appeal is under section 248, the date of payment of the tax, or 4 (b) where the appeal relates to any assessment or penalty, the date of service of the notice of demand relating to the assessment or penalty: Provided that, where an application has been made under section 146 for reopening an assessment, the period from the date on which the application is made to the date on which the order passed on the application is served on the assessee shall be 4 excluded: 6 Provided further that where an application has been made under sub-section (1) of section 270AA, the period beginning from the date on which the application is made, to the date on which the order rejecting the application is served on the assessee, shall be excluded or: (c) in any other case, the date on which intimation of the order sought to be appealed against is served. 7 (2A) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2), where an order has been made under section 201 on or after the 1st day of October, 1998 but before the 1st day of June, 2000 and the assessee in default has not presented any appeal within the time specified in that sub-section, he may present such appeal before the 1st day of July, 2000. (3) The 8 *** Commissioner (Appeals) may admit an appeal after the expiration of the said period if he is satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not presenting it within that period. 9 (4) No appeal under this Chapter shall be admitted unless at the time of filing of the appeal,- (a) where a return has been filed by the assessee, the assessee has paid the tax due on the income returned by him; or (b) where no return has been filed by the assessee, the assessee has paid an amount equal to the amount of advance tax which was payable by him: Provided that, 10 in a case falling under clause (b) and on an application made by the appellant in this behalf, the 11 *** Commissioner (Appeals) may, for any good and sufficient reason to be recorded in writing, exempt him from the operation of the provisions of 12 that clause. -------------------- 1. Ins. by Act 21 of 1998, s. 50 (w.e.f. 1-10-1998) 2. Ins. by Act 27 of 1999, s. 83 (w.e.f. 1-6-1999). 3. Subs. by Act 22 of 2007, s. 73, for clause (a) (w.e.f. 1-6-2007). 4. Subs. by Act 41 of 1975, s. 59, for clause (b) (w.e.f. 1-10-1975). 5. Subs. by Act 28 of 2016, s. 93, for "excluded, or" (w.e.f. 1-4-2017). 6. The proviso inserted by s. 93, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2017). 7. Ins. by Act 10 of 2000, s. 67 (w.e.f. 1-6-2000). 8. The words and brackets "Deputy Commissioner (Appeals) or, as the case may be, the" omitted by Act 21 of 1998, s. 50 (w.e.f. 1-10-1998). Earlier "Deputy Commissioner (Appeals)" was substituted for "Appellate Assistant Commissioner" by Act 4 of 1988, s. 2 (w.e.f. 1-4-198) and the words and brackets "or, as the case may be, the Commissioner (Appeals)" were inserted by Act 29 of 1977, s. 39 and the Fifth Schedule (w.e.f. 10-7-1978). 9. Ins. by Act 41 of 1975, s. 59 (w.e.f. 1-10-1975). 10. Ins. by Act 3 of 1989, s. 45 (w.e.f. 1-4-1989). 11. The words and brackets "Deputy Commissioner (Appeals) or, as the case may be, the" omitted by Act 21 of 1998, s. 50 (w.e.f. 1-10-1998). Earlier "Deputy Commissioner (Appeals)" was substituted for "Appellate Assistant Commissioner" by Act 4 of 1988, s. 2 (w.e.f. 1-4-198) and the words and brackets "or, as the case may be, the Commissioner (Appeals)" were inserted by Act 29 of 1977, s. 39 and the Fifth Schedule (w.e.f. 10-7-1978). 12. Subs. by Act 3 of 1989, s. 45, for "this sub-section" (w.e.f. 1-4-1989).

Official legal resources

Frequently asked questions

Is the deadline always 30 days from the date printed on the order?

No. Section 249(2) identifies different statutory starting points, often tied to service of the demand notice or communication of the order.

Can I appeal without paying the entire disputed demand?

Section 249(4) generally concerns tax on returned income or the specified advance-tax amount where no return was filed, not an automatic requirement to pay the entire disputed assessment demand.

Can a late appeal still be heard?

Yes, if the competent authority accepts that sufficient cause justified the delay under the applicable law.

Educational information only. Check the current statute, rules, notifications and case-specific facts before filing.